Energy plays a very critical role in our society. A continuous and reliable supply of energy is vital for both domestic and industrial applications. As the human population grows, energy consumption demand keeps increasing day by day. At the same time, the high population growth leads to a huge production of waste, particularly biowaste. A critical concern is how these wastes can be innovatively utilized to meet the energy demands while still protecting our environment by reducing the over-dependency on fossil fuels. Biomass conversion to electricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has attracted colossal attention as a potential approach to contributing to sustainable clean energy. This is due to MFC’s superior features, such as the potential to produce electricity, odor control, low need for aeration, and reduced sludge production as compared to other bioenergy processes. Upscaling MFCs to make them energy-competitive systems requires a clear understanding of their operating conditions. This research aimed at analyzing the potential of electric power generation from biowaste using MFC technology and presents simulation results of some important MFC performance indicators that may help dictate the commercialization of MFC technology in electric power generation. Simulations were carried out in MATLAB® R2024a to predict the effect of operational parameters on the performance of a biowaste-fueled MFC. The results indicate that the surface area of the anode electrode, thickness of exchange membrane, initial substrate concentration, temperature and the value of external resistance affect the amount of current density produced by the MFC. These findings provide potentially useful insights to guide the design and operation of biowaste-fueled MFCs for electric power generation.