Since microalgae produce both primary and secondary metabolites, they can be used as a feedstock for a variety of bioproducts. Bioploymers are potential sources of biohydrogen (BioH2) proteins that can be transformed into biopolymers (like bioplastics) pigments can contain high concentrations of valuable carotenoids and lipids can be transformed into high-value polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) like omega-3. With an emphasis on technical performance, environmental sustainability, and economic viability, this chapter comprehends the current techniques for producing such products from microalgae biomass with insights on bioprocesses, productivity, commercialization, environmental effects, and significant challenges for each bioproduct. Nevertheless, due to its research and commercial potential, microalgae biotechnology remains a compelling subject in today’s era.