Goal setting plays a central role in translating nutritional assessment data into personalized strategies for meaningful behavior change. As a foundational psychological practice, goal setting provides individuals with direction, structure, and motivation as they work to modify dietary and activity habits. This chapter examines the elements of effective goal pursuit, including the distinction between nutritional goals and body-weight-focused goals, the use of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, and the development of short- and long-term goals. It also explores the evolution of goal-setting theory and the role of habit formation, highlighting both traditional goal-based approaches and identity-based strategies. By understanding how to connect intention to action, individuals and practitioners can create sustainable pathways toward improved health behaviors and long-term success.