This focus of this paper it to corroborate the problem and research question on the correlation between economic diplomacy, ODA, and trade, and to verity the motivations that the government of Japan had for granting assistance to Latin America in the 1960–2001 period and, in turn, to clarify the role played by public and private stakeholders. Was there an economic interest in ODA through tied aid supported by the neorealist idea of international relations? To answer these questions, we consider the following.