This chapter introduces the context, aims and scope of the book, situating it within the demographic and health-related changes affecting older adults. It highlights the rising proportion of older adults, the prevalence of chronic illnesses and functional limitations, and the challenges these pose to everyday food practices. The chapter emphasises dietary resilience as a crucial lens for understanding how older adults adapt their eating behaviours to maintain health, autonomy and cultural continuity. The qualitative research underpinning this book is also presented, detailing its focus on home-dwelling older adults in the Czech Republic, the use of personal narratives and the integration of gender and cultural perspectives. The chapter further outlines the book’s structure, guiding the reader through theoretical grounding, age- and health-related dietary transitions, gendered eating patterns, empirical findings and the broader implications for policy and practice. By foregrounding the voices of older adults, the chapter establishes a framework for understanding dietary resilience as a multidimensional phenomenon shaped by biological, social, cultural and psychological factors.