Thinking the Oppositional: Counter-Agency and Sites of Resistance from Mulvey to Muñoz
摘要
This chapter gives an account of how bell hooks’s oppositional gaze holds dialogue with other kind of gaze that think through the oppositional. While hooks’s theorization of the oppositional gaze emerges from the context of cinema spectatorship and converses with the spectatorship studies of Laura Mulvey and Manthia Diawara, where how hooks conceives of the unique situation of black female spectators carve out a special space that is outside of the purviews of Mulvey and Diawara, this chapter will also consider other approaches to the gaze, which arise in theatrical and posthuman workings of looking relations. In turn, this chapter will place hooks in conversation with Jose Esteban Muñoz’s disidentification, which not only explicates the dynamics of looking relations, but also present the oppositional nature of spectatorship. Like hooks’s oppositional gaze and her sense of the necessity of spaces of agency as sites of resistance, this chapter will denote Muñoz’s queer gaze and the extent to which the oppositionality of this gaze sets the conditions for Muñoz’s counterpublics as spaces of agency and sites of resistance for queers of color.