Falls and Fall Prevention
摘要
Falls have an enormous impact on the healthcare system with a relevant socioeconomic burden for the individual and the community (Lamb et al. N Engl J Med 383(19):1848–1859, 2020). Approximately 30% of people over 65 years of age fall at least once a year, compared to 50% in the age group over 80 years of age. Only one in ten falls requires hospitalization, and approximately one in one-hundred falls results in a hip fracture. Falls lead to a fear of falling, which, due to an avoidance strategy, leads to reduced activity, immobility and reduced muscle strength, resulting in an increased risk of falling. Falls are also the main cause of hip, pelvis, forearm and shoulder fractures, and over 80% of all fractures occur following a fall. Individuals with multiple falls have a fourfold increased fracture risk (Lamb et al. N Engl J Med 383(19):1848–1859, 2020; Tricco et al. JAMA 318(17):1687–1699, 2017).