The fundamental premise of the chapter asserts that the twentieth century was characterised by significant developments in the realm of sports and games, which coincided with a period of remarkable youth activism. At the same time, a defining feature of the century was the optimism of the youth, who held great aspirations for the future, as evidenced by the Olympic ideal and the dream of the Olympics. The domain of sports and games constituted a sphere of activity and expression for the youth, fostering a sense of vitality and optimism. However, this idealistic perspective rapidly dissipated, particularly with the European youth’s shift in focus from recreational activities to the sombre task of marching to the battlefields of the Great War. The text considers two main streams of youth and sports in Germany: Firstly, the so-called German Youth Movement encompassed both reforms of physical education from top-down and bottom-up concepts of self-education by the youth. Secondly, the sports movement has been inspired by the younger generationGeneration.