Erinnerungskultur (culture of remembrance) is a widely discussed notion and subject in German historiographyHistoriography. First, the meaning of Erinnerungskultur, including the specific role of academic sport historiographyHistoriography, will be described and explained in relation to sport and sport historiographyHistoriography. One of the main aims is to show the diversity and the specific obligations of academic historiographyHistoriography. Secondly, the actors of sport memory and heritage will be characterised, and, thirdly, to explain and interpret some of the controversial and perennial debates that have been German sports history, in particular that of Carl DiemDiem, Carl, internationally known as ‘Mister Olympia’ of 1936. Overall, the chapter offers overview of the mainstream, cultural and political history of sport in Germany in relation to sport.