Focusing on figures such as Jan Smuts and Robert Henry Brand, this chapter analyses the imperial internationalist vision that shaped the League of Nations from within. It argues that for many British policymakers, internationalism was not an alternative to empire but a means of reorganizing imperial authority through multilateral institutions. The chapter examines the ideological foundations of this approach, including racialized assumptions about civilization and governance, and shows how these ideas informed the mandate system and the League’s hierarchical structure.