Orthopedics is a field that shares significant overlap with many other aspects of medicine, and, as such, it is important that a basic understanding of common conditions and emergencies is obtained by all learners in the medical field. This chapter will highlight the basic concepts and terminology of orthopedics and give the reader insight into some commonly seen conditions and emergencies, such as compartment syndrome, fracture, nerve impingement, overuse injuries, and others. Basics of imaging will also be reviewed. By mastering the material in this chapter, the learner will be able to have an excellent starting point from which to dive deeper into the field and learn the many nuances of orthopedic treatment.