Migration is a fundamental, universal aspect of human history, shaping societies through the movement of individuals and groups for a variety of reasons. While migration has contributed to human development and societal diversity, it also brings significant challenges, particularly regarding mental health and the impact of stigma and discrimination. Migration cannot be treated as a uniform phenomenon; each migratory experience is shaped by unique historical, socio-economic, and political contexts. The process involves complex cultural, psychological, and social adjustments, which deeply affect the mental well-being of both migrants and host societies. Migration is not just a physical movement but a profound transformation of identity, often requiring individuals to reconstruct their sense of self and belonging. A central focus of this chapter is the role of ‘the Other’, a concept rooted in humanity’s tendency to categorise social groups into ‘ingroups’ and ‘outgroups’. This categorisation, historically linked to survival, evolved into more rigid social structures, leading to discrimination, marginalisation, and exclusion of those deemed different. Power relations within societies determine who is labelled as ‘the Other’, and these designations shift with changing social, political, and economic conditions. Stigma, discrimination, and racism emerge as key sources of trauma for migrants, compounding the inherent stresses of migration. Stigma is constructed through a cycle of ignorance, stereotypes, prejudice, and exclusion, often beginning with labelling. Discriminatory behaviours not only harm immigrants but also impoverish host societies by stifling creativity and opportunities for mutual enrichment. The internalisation of stigma further exacerbates psychological distress and undermines coping mechanisms. In conclusion, we need a paradigmatic shift from viewing diversity as a source of division to embracing it as a means for collective growth. The recognition of multicultural identities and the rejection of cultural hierarchies are framed as essential human rights. Overcoming stigma and discrimination requires fostering hospitality, mutual recognition, and the development of integrated selves, both for migrants and host societies.