This chapter summarizes why the diagnostic definitions of DSM and the ICD can be considered helpful but not sufficient for clinical transcultural practice. Traumatized people across different countries and cultural contexts frequently feel that the current definitions of trauma sequelae do not reflect their experience and therefore either do not seek professional help or are skeptical about its impact. For them, damage to their family life or somatic symptoms is much more relevant and important than the internationally codified core symptoms of PTSD (such as flashbacks or avoidance). A new, culturally sensitive view of symptom presentation in different regions of the world offers a solution. Background, model contents, and recent findings in different cultures are presented. Parallel approaches such as “cultural syndromes” or “cultural idioms of distress” fit well into this new “cultural scripts” approach to diagnosis.