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The Russian Federation, including the Oryol region, is characterized by iodine deficiency in the environment. It’s increased the risk of thyroid diseases (specifically among the rural population), which is intensified by selenium deficiency. The aim of the research is to study the spatial heterogeneity of iodine and selenium in the Oryol region. Samples were collected within 31 settlements in different parts of the region during the summer of 2022. A soil sampling tube sampled the upper 20-cm layer of pasture soils (n = 27). Groundwater samples (n = 52) were taken from centralized water supply and private wells. I and Se concentrations were determined using spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry correspondently. The content of iodine and selenium in soils ranged widely both in arable Greyzems (I: 0.21–2.75, Me = 1.10 mg/kg; Se: 0.027–0.419, Me = 0.174 mg/kg) and arable Chernozems (I: 0.48–5.71, Me = 2.44 mg/kg; Se: 0.006–0.502, Me = 0.146 mg/kg), reaching a maximum in the upper 5-cm layer. Iodine content decreases with depth in Chernozems while increasing in Greyzems. An opposite trend was determined for selenium. High heterogeneity of studied elements concentration was detected in groundwater (I: 2.02–33.8, Me = 9.41 μg/l; Se: 0.012–3.704, Me = 0.166 μg/l). Spatial differentiation of the concentrations attributed primarily to the aquifer: higher iodine concentrations are associated with the Cretaceous system (I: 17.4–33.8, Me = 25.7 μg/l; Se: 0.013–0.737, Me = 0.054 μg/l), lower with the Devonian aquifer (I: 2.18–18.5, Me = 4.59 μg/l; Se: 0.086–3.704, Me = 0.210 μg/l). Inverse differentiation of selenium was also found. Concentrations below optimal level were detected in 58% of groundwater samples for iodine (10 μg/l) and 98% for selenium (2.5 μg/l). In all Greyzems and 96% of Chernozems samples, iodine concentrations are lower than Kovalski’s threshold concentration (5–40 mg/kg), indicating iodine deficiency. Greyzems and Devonian aquifers characterized by iodine deficiency are distributed in the northwestern part of the region most affected by the Chernobyl accident 1986. This combination of natural and technogenic factors may be the subject of further investigation as a possible health risk factor.

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Iodine and Selenium Deficiency in Pasture Soils and Groundwaters of the Oryol Region (Russia)

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Victor Berezkin,
  • Liudmila Kolmykova,
  • Vladimir Barancukov,
  • Valentina Danilova,
  • Elena Korobova

摘要

The Russian Federation, including the Oryol region, is characterized by iodine deficiency in the environment. It’s increased the risk of thyroid diseases (specifically among the rural population), which is intensified by selenium deficiency. The aim of the research is to study the spatial heterogeneity of iodine and selenium in the Oryol region. Samples were collected within 31 settlements in different parts of the region during the summer of 2022. A soil sampling tube sampled the upper 20-cm layer of pasture soils (n = 27). Groundwater samples (n = 52) were taken from centralized water supply and private wells. I and Se concentrations were determined using spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry correspondently. The content of iodine and selenium in soils ranged widely both in arable Greyzems (I: 0.21–2.75, Me = 1.10 mg/kg; Se: 0.027–0.419, Me = 0.174 mg/kg) and arable Chernozems (I: 0.48–5.71, Me = 2.44 mg/kg; Se: 0.006–0.502, Me = 0.146 mg/kg), reaching a maximum in the upper 5-cm layer. Iodine content decreases with depth in Chernozems while increasing in Greyzems. An opposite trend was determined for selenium. High heterogeneity of studied elements concentration was detected in groundwater (I: 2.02–33.8, Me = 9.41 μg/l; Se: 0.012–3.704, Me = 0.166 μg/l). Spatial differentiation of the concentrations attributed primarily to the aquifer: higher iodine concentrations are associated with the Cretaceous system (I: 17.4–33.8, Me = 25.7 μg/l; Se: 0.013–0.737, Me = 0.054 μg/l), lower with the Devonian aquifer (I: 2.18–18.5, Me = 4.59 μg/l; Se: 0.086–3.704, Me = 0.210 μg/l). Inverse differentiation of selenium was also found. Concentrations below optimal level were detected in 58% of groundwater samples for iodine (10 μg/l) and 98% for selenium (2.5 μg/l). In all Greyzems and 96% of Chernozems samples, iodine concentrations are lower than Kovalski’s threshold concentration (5–40 mg/kg), indicating iodine deficiency. Greyzems and Devonian aquifers characterized by iodine deficiency are distributed in the northwestern part of the region most affected by the Chernobyl accident 1986. This combination of natural and technogenic factors may be the subject of further investigation as a possible health risk factor.