University human capital, defined as organizational capacity, generates beneficial institutional results. This research intertwines the Theories of Resources and Capabilities, Organizational Complex Systems, and University Governance, through the question: How does human capital promote the internationalization results of public universities and polytechnic schools (UEP) in Ecuador? The objective is to analyze human capital as a promoter of internationalization results of public universities and polytechnic schools (UEP) in Ecuador. The research is qualitative, documentary, cross-sectional, and comparative for the years 2020–2021–2022, with the participation of 30 public universities. It concludes that the educational level of managerial, support, and academic human capital produces internationalization outcomes related to external research funding, student scholarships, interaction with external stakeholders, and the effective development of activities.