What has been a shiny object for over five decades has gradually moved out of just “potential” disruptor construct to finally being acknowledged as maybe the biggest disruptor, impacting all facets of human life. This disruption is already in motion, and you may have guessed this disruptor rightly as Artificial Intelligence (AI). It’s obvious to leverage such technology for tackling the most pressing challenges, one of which is ensuring all human activities lead to a more environmentally sustainable planet earth, ultimately helping us achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But we know well, there are always two faces to a coin and same applies to AI—while it brings huge potential to help us achieve SDGs, it has a huge environmental cost associated with itself which has been largely unattended till now. This chapter tries to explore the dual perspective of ‘AI for Sustainability’ and ‘Sustainability of AI’, by integrating technological and environmental aspects for proposing a comprehensive framework that aligns AI advancement with responsible, long-term sustainability outcomes.