North Africa’s agricultural landscape is characterized by its arid and semi-arid climate, making efficient nutrient and water management crucial for sustainable crop production. Precision agriculture (PA), a data-driven approach to farming, is gaining prominence in North Africa to address the region’s agricultural challenges, including water and nutrient management. The challenges faced in this context are diverse, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and changing climate patterns. Inadequate nutrient and water management practices can lead to soil degradation and reduced agricultural productivity. Given the region’s limited water resources, it is essential to use water-soluble nutrients judiciously. Precision agriculture addresses these challenges by leveraging technology and data-driven solutions. Efficiency is a key focus of PA. By using advanced sensors, geographic information systems (GIS), and remote sensing, farmers can gather real-time data on soil conditions, crop health, and weather patterns. These data enable them to optimize nutrient and water application by targeting specific areas and times. This approach minimizes waste, enhances crop yields, and improves resource use efficiency. This chapter explores the challenges and efficiency gains associated with nutrient management, including water management. By embracing technology and utilizing accurate data, farmers in North Africa can overcome these challenges and move towards greater agricultural sustainability. The chapter will focus on the current situation of these parameters by comparing them with conventional agriculture and management practices, highlighting how new technologies offer smart solutions. There will also be a focus on success stories in Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt, highlighting the advantages and weaknesses of each technique applied.