Urbanization, or the fast expansion of urban areas, presents considerable problems to the sustainable management of water resources in cities worldwide. Agra, a city rich in history and culture, is facing these issues in the midst of rapid urbanization. The objectives of present study are the complex relationship of urban growth and water resources in Agra by using geospatial technologies to find out the geographical developments, trends, and effects of urban expansion on groundwater levels and urban water balance. In 1901, city had total 188,022 populations, which continue growth and in the census 2011 population is 1,760,285 where growth in numbers is 1,572,263. Based on AMC survey in 2001, there were 59,569 households, including residential as well as industrial buildings, whereas in the year 2023 (after 22 year) there conducted a waste management survey, reports are 326,284 households which showed rapid growth of houses total 266,715 (12123.41 houses per year) and rapidly growths in AMC ward from 40 in 1981 to 100 wards in 2024. Study investigates its relation to past urban growth patterns, and essential factors which influence water dynamics. For the completion of this study, we comprehensively outlined the procedures and techniques adopted and describe the complexities of the data gathering procedure, the geospatial analysis tools utilized. Through extensive research, the study indicates spatial trends, identify areas of increased groundwater depletion, and reveal locations on the verge of water crisis.