Eichhornia plants, commonly known as water hyacinths, have garnered attention for their remarkable ability to remediate wastewater through phytoremediation. This chapter explores the role of removing hydrocarbons from contaminated water, focusing on their physiological and biochemical mechanisms. Eichhornia's rapid growth, extensive root system, and ability to absorb and metabolize hydrocarbons make it a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for wastewater treatment. The chapter also discusses optimising Eichhornia-based systems for maximum efficiency, including environmental conditions, co-treatment methods, and synergistic use of microbial consortia. Challenges such as biomass management and potential ecological impacts are addressed alongside future research directions to enhance the applicability of Eichhornia in large-scale wastewater remediation. Case studies illustrate successful implementations of Eichhornia in hydrocarbon removal, highlighting their potential in addressing global water pollution challenges.