Seaweeds, aquatic macrophytes (AMs), offer a promising and sustainable solution for wastewater management due to their unique Physiological and biological properties. They efficiently absorb excess organic pollutants (OPs), nutrients, and heavy metals (HMs) from contaminated waters, acting as a suitable agent for bioremediation. Three distinct classes of macroalgae, chlorophyta, phaeophyta, and rhodophyta are play a significant role in the enhancement of water quality by remediating contaminants. Nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) are different HMs, absorbed and accumulated by seaweeds to reduce toxicity. Furthermore, some species are also able to degrade OPs like pesticides and petrochemicals, which can be used for industrial effluent remediation. High rate of biomass generation makes them suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment system applications. This method can be used in coastal water treatment systems, aquaculture ponds, and artificial wetlands as a low-energy, natural alternative to conventional mechanical filtration systems. Additional ecosystem benefits include the development of aquatic habitats and the possible alternative uses of remediated biomass in construction materials, biofuels, biofertilizers for non-edible crops, and biosorbents. Despite their potential, problems were observed with optimising species selection, scaling operations, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale production. Ongoing research and technical developments promise to address the water pollution issues and their treatment sustainably.