Pilot testing is a crucial preliminary phase in electroencephalography (EEG) studies, aimed at optimizing experimental design, data acquisition, and analysis pipelines before full-scale data collection. This chapter discusses the significance of pilot testing in ensuring high-quality EEG data. First, we define what pilot testing is and clarify what it is not. We then explore the various study characteristics that can be assessed during the pilot phase, such as task parameters, equipment setup, signal quality, and experimental procedures. The chapter further examines the preparation required for the pilot phase, emphasizing the definition of criteria to assess the experiment. Finally, we discuss the iterative nature of pilot testing and its integration into the study preparation process.