The research aims to identify the features and directions of sustainable agricultural integration policy of CARICOM in the context of the implementation of climate-smart agricultural projects (CSAIPs). The authors studied the texts of integration agreements and other official documents of CARICOM, information from CARICOM institutions and authorities, and data from the World Bank and UNCTAD. The research proposes a meso-level approach to understanding the role of the integration system in the unification of national economies and the integration of the national and global levels. As one of the structural policies, the agricultural integration policy refers to the meso-level of the integration system and is formed by various stakeholders based on the project principle and social partnership. The features and problems of agricultural development, strategic and programming documents, successful CSAIPs, sources of their financing, and coordinating integration institutions and authorities of CARICOM are identified. Based on the analysis of trends in 2000–2023, the authors conclude about the effectiveness of CSAIPs within the framework of a sustainable agricultural policy of CARICOM in increasing the food sector’s share in GDP and mutual trade, developing (agricultural) tourism, employing youth and women, and increasing import substitution and food security.