This study explores the interplay of marine litter management, the blue economy (BE), and sustainable development of the ocean and shows that sea basins act as ecologically and economically important systems for the life improvement of humans all over the world. The existing blue economy sectors in Sudan include fisheries, maritime transportation, blue tourism, hydropower, desalination, and river transportation, in addition to the nascent sectors of renewable marine energy and biotechnology exploitation. The study highlights the impacts of marine litter management in Port Sudan City on the Sudanese Red Sea coast and the importance of properly managing marine litter to enhance the sustainability of the blue economy. The main tool for collecting relevant data from Port Sudan Port is a designed questionnaire, and the respondents are selected randomly from Sudanese Sea Ports Corporation (SPC) departments. Assessment of the efficiency of port reception facilities (PRFs) at Port Sudan Port revealed that the existing marine litter management practices are poor, which will have adverse impacts on blue economy resources and sectors, posing a significant challenge to their sustainability. Furthermore, 75% of the respondents recognize the agreements governing ship waste treatment in ports and their special requirements. Only 22.50% of the study respondents agreed that Port Sudan receives all ship waste according to the requirements of international agreements. These deficiencies pose environmental risks, affecting public health, coastal environments, and tourism. The study recommends the adoption of intensive awareness and action programs concerning improved marine litter management practices, identifying solutions to mitigate future catastrophes, improving waste management practices, enforcing local laws, and adopting efficient treatment methods, which will lead to a more sustainable blue economy and a climate-resilient future.