This paper conducts numerical simulation and optimization studies on the carbon oxygen balance of the urban green space ecosystem from a perspective of computer and ecological coupling. We use remote sensing data, GIS and ecological process modeling to develop a comprehensive framework for examining the complex links between urban green spaces and the carbon-oxygen cycle. Through the derivation of specific equations, we aim to identify significant factors influencing these dynamics. The results indicate that an optimized layout of urban green spaces significantly enhances the carbon-oxygen balance and provides helpful suggestions regarding urban ecological development. These findings provide empirical support for urban ecological design, contributing to the sustainability and livability of cities.