Energy-Efficient End-to-End Security for IoMT Devices: Hardware-Accelerated EDHOC–OSCORE Implementation in Contiki-NG
摘要
The growing use of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has transformed healthcare through constant, remote patient monitoring and data harvesting. Healthcare is a top target of cyberattacks, ranging from crippling ransomware attacks and data breaches, highlighting the critical need for strong end-to-end protection of medical telemetry. In WBANs sensitive physiological information is sent over short-range connections to a local gateway. Conventional Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) exposes vulnerabilities at these gateways, while software-only cryptography is inefficient. This paper presents a hardware- accelerated approach using Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman Over COSE (EDHOC) and Object Security for Constrained RESTful Environments (OSCORE) on the Analog Devices MAX32666 MCU, exploiting on-chip cryptographic engines and secure elements. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments, combined with Contiki-NG simulations in the Cooja emulator show the Time-to-First Secure Sample and the lower energy use than DTLS, with real MAX32666 tests validating~25% energy reduction and 40% latency improvement over DTLS. Analysis further confirms that hardware-software co-design is a practical path for secure, efficient, and long-lived IoMT systems.