The rapid growth of the global electronics industry, combined with the accelerated rate of technological innovation, has led to a significant increase in electronic waste (e-waste) production. By 2030, the volume of e-waste generated is expected to reach 82 million tonnes (Mt) at the current yearly increase of 2.6 million tonnes. Approximately 12.9 million women are employed in the informal e-waste industry. Despite their crucial role, scholarly studies on women’s lived experiences working in e-waste landfills remain scarce. Most of the time, they work in low-wage, hazardous jobs, such as sorting, disassembling, and manually separating parts, which exposes them to hazardous materials and perpetuates cycles of economic marginalization. The creation of successful, gender-sensitive policies and programs to improve working conditions and health outcomes is restricted by this divide. Hence, the study aims to critically evaluate and integrate existing literature regarding the lived experiences of women employed at e-waste landfill sites. Emphasizing the understanding of gender-specific occupational health risks, socio-economic challenges, and psychosocial effects they encounter. The findings reveal that despite systemic injustices, gender discrimination, and health risks, women who work at e-waste landfills demonstrate active agency, resilience, and survival techniques. The lack of formal registration as workers restricts women from labour rights protections, occupational health services, and insurance systems. women are excluded from decision-making processes, reflecting socioeconomic and cultural marginalization. The review recommends the provision of mental health support services to alleviate psychosocial pressures and stigma experienced by female landfill workers.

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Examining Women’s Occupational Experiences in E-Waste Landfills: An Integrative Review

  • Ramadile Moletsane,
  • Elias Sibanda,
  • Fikile Mposula,
  • Immaculate Sibaya

摘要

The rapid growth of the global electronics industry, combined with the accelerated rate of technological innovation, has led to a significant increase in electronic waste (e-waste) production. By 2030, the volume of e-waste generated is expected to reach 82 million tonnes (Mt) at the current yearly increase of 2.6 million tonnes. Approximately 12.9 million women are employed in the informal e-waste industry. Despite their crucial role, scholarly studies on women’s lived experiences working in e-waste landfills remain scarce. Most of the time, they work in low-wage, hazardous jobs, such as sorting, disassembling, and manually separating parts, which exposes them to hazardous materials and perpetuates cycles of economic marginalization. The creation of successful, gender-sensitive policies and programs to improve working conditions and health outcomes is restricted by this divide. Hence, the study aims to critically evaluate and integrate existing literature regarding the lived experiences of women employed at e-waste landfill sites. Emphasizing the understanding of gender-specific occupational health risks, socio-economic challenges, and psychosocial effects they encounter. The findings reveal that despite systemic injustices, gender discrimination, and health risks, women who work at e-waste landfills demonstrate active agency, resilience, and survival techniques. The lack of formal registration as workers restricts women from labour rights protections, occupational health services, and insurance systems. women are excluded from decision-making processes, reflecting socioeconomic and cultural marginalization. The review recommends the provision of mental health support services to alleviate psychosocial pressures and stigma experienced by female landfill workers.