Forecasting India’s Foreign Exchange Reserves Using Machine Learning: A Random Forest Approach
摘要
Foreign exchange reserves play a pivotal role in stabilizing a nation’s economy, influencing exchange rates, trade balance, and macroeconomic policy. This study develops a data-driven predictive model using a Random Forest Regressor to forecast India’s foreign exchange reserves based on ten years of key economic indicators—namely Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), Imports, Exports, Trade Deficit, and Net Remittances. The model achieves a high predictive performance with an R2 value of approximately 0.85, indicating robust explanatory power. The findings highlight the relative significance of trade deficit, FDI inflows, and remittances in determining reserve levels, offering insights for monetary and fiscal policymakers.