The problem of food waste affects the environment, the economy and society, jeopardising food security and sustainability. This study looked at the situation in Mato Grosso do Sul, one of Brazil’s largest agricultural regions, in order to understand people’s perceptions of this problem and what they are prepared to do about it. The attitudes towards waste and the profile of 331 participants who answered the questionnaire were analysed. According to the survey, fruits and vegetables are the most wasted products: up to 60% is lost before the food reaches the consumer. The main reasons for this are poor handling and poor infrastructure. In addition, the majority of participants, particularly women with secondary education, know that waste is a serious problem in their cities, and the most common destination for this food continues to be household consumption. As a result of this study, urgent action is needed. Improving infrastructure, carrying out educational campaigns and creating public policies that redistribute food or penalise improper disposal are essential actions. It’s time to balance production, consumption and environmental preservation to ensure a more responsible and conscious future.