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This chapter presents the theoretical background of the Standard Model, emphasising quark mixing and CP violation as described by the CKM matrix. The CKM angle \(\gamma \) is highlighted as the only UT angle measurable through tree-level processes, providing a clean test of the Standard Model. The chapter reviews current methods of \(\gamma \) determination, their theoretical and experimental uncertainties, and the motivation for developing improved approaches.

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Introduction

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Shunan Zhang

摘要

This chapter presents the theoretical background of the Standard Model, emphasising quark mixing and CP violation as described by the CKM matrix. The CKM angle \(\gamma \) is highlighted as the only UT angle measurable through tree-level processes, providing a clean test of the Standard Model. The chapter reviews current methods of \(\gamma \) determination, their theoretical and experimental uncertainties, and the motivation for developing improved approaches.