Large-scale global events such as the Olympic Games, World Expositions, and FIFA World Cups place significant operational stress on airport infrastructure, primarily due to concentrated passenger flows and heightened security requirements. This study examines strategies to enhance airport resilience through a combined approach involving long-term infrastructure planning and short-term adaptive measures. Using the IATA Airport Development Reference Manual (ADRM) as a structural framework [1], five operational zones are identified: check-in, security, immigration, departure gates, and baggage claim. These zones form the basis for a dual-scenario analysis that differentiates between typical seasonal tourism peaks and the exceptional conditions associated with global events. Three representative scenarios are used to explore and evaluate targeted mitigation strategies. These include direct aircraft-to-hotel transfers for delegations and VIPs, temporary conversion of cargo handling zones for passenger processing, and the establishment of offsite crowd management areas. The implementation of these strategies reduced terminal throughput by approximately 35%, restoring passenger flow within the design capacity of airport facilities. Validation is supported by empirical data collected from 109 survey respondents and expert consultations, which highlight both systemic bottlenecks and behavioral responses under stress. The study further employs spatial planning concepts to interpret the host city during such events as a large-scale, integrated environment, where the airport functions as a critical exit node. The research proposes a hybrid resilience model that prioritizes flow regulation, spatial adaptation, and integration of airport operations within the wider urban context. This model offers a scalable planning framework for airports preparing to accommodate the demands of high-impact international events.

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Resilient Airport Operations During Global Events: Flow Control, Space Adaptation, and Urban Integration

  • Alina Adam,
  • Arturs Saveljevs

摘要

Large-scale global events such as the Olympic Games, World Expositions, and FIFA World Cups place significant operational stress on airport infrastructure, primarily due to concentrated passenger flows and heightened security requirements. This study examines strategies to enhance airport resilience through a combined approach involving long-term infrastructure planning and short-term adaptive measures. Using the IATA Airport Development Reference Manual (ADRM) as a structural framework [1], five operational zones are identified: check-in, security, immigration, departure gates, and baggage claim. These zones form the basis for a dual-scenario analysis that differentiates between typical seasonal tourism peaks and the exceptional conditions associated with global events. Three representative scenarios are used to explore and evaluate targeted mitigation strategies. These include direct aircraft-to-hotel transfers for delegations and VIPs, temporary conversion of cargo handling zones for passenger processing, and the establishment of offsite crowd management areas. The implementation of these strategies reduced terminal throughput by approximately 35%, restoring passenger flow within the design capacity of airport facilities. Validation is supported by empirical data collected from 109 survey respondents and expert consultations, which highlight both systemic bottlenecks and behavioral responses under stress. The study further employs spatial planning concepts to interpret the host city during such events as a large-scale, integrated environment, where the airport functions as a critical exit node. The research proposes a hybrid resilience model that prioritizes flow regulation, spatial adaptation, and integration of airport operations within the wider urban context. This model offers a scalable planning framework for airports preparing to accommodate the demands of high-impact international events.