The emergent phenomenon of using artificial intelligence (AI) in vital areas has increased the role of AI security technologies in protecting data, stability of the system, and the continuity of trust by the population. The presented paper explores how AI security technologies have varied societal implications, including its benefits and new challenges. The paper also tackles the development of AI-powered security systems like federated learning, adversarial resilience, privacy-protecting AI and intrusion detection systems powered through AI. In addition, paper evaluated them based on their impact on national security, economic stability, digital rights and the autonomy of individuals. The implementation of AI security to promote cyber-resilience and how it is also detrimental are critically analysed to include the spread of surveillance tools and the bias in the security algorithms. The paper highlights the ethical issues and regulatory requirements arising in the world of AI security by referring to case studies in the spheres of healthcare, finance, and governance. Our findings suggest that while AI security tools bolster defences against digital threats, inclusive and transparent governance frameworks are crucial to mitigate unintended societal harms.