More than one cubic meter of concrete is produced per person worldwide annually, and cement accounts for between 5% and 8% of carbon dioxide emissions, in addition to the increasing use of mineral admixtures. The importance of incorporating wood ash (WA) components into concrete lies in its environmental bene-fits, as it contributes to saving financial resources and reducing waste accumulation. WA is a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative. Replacement rates of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of cement are used to determine the optimal percentage of WA cement replacement to enhance the sustainability of building materials. Additionally, we replaced 0% and 50% of ordinary aggregate with crushed clay blocks (CCB) as an alternative to gravel. Seven mixes and thirteen samples of each mix were tested in the lab. The 10% replacement level gave the best compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, which were 44.1, 3.6, and 5.18, respectively. The authors observe that the strength properties of concrete mixtures decrease as the rate of WA replacement increases, but they gradually improve due to pozzolanic effects. Concrete density decreases with WA replacement due to lower specific gravity and increased porosity. The water absorption capacity of concrete increases with increasing WA content and decreases with in-creasing WA content to 30% or more. In conclusion, this research aims to use WA in the manufacture of non-load-bearing structural units. The authors recommend the use of WA with CCB in the manufacture of load-bearing structural units and recommend conducting durability tests to evaluate long-term performance.

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The Effect of Partial Replacement of Cement with Wood Ash in Concrete for Sustainable Building Materials

  • Saad Abd A. L. Jaleel Fathi,
  • Alyaa Abbas Al-Attar

摘要

More than one cubic meter of concrete is produced per person worldwide annually, and cement accounts for between 5% and 8% of carbon dioxide emissions, in addition to the increasing use of mineral admixtures. The importance of incorporating wood ash (WA) components into concrete lies in its environmental bene-fits, as it contributes to saving financial resources and reducing waste accumulation. WA is a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative. Replacement rates of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of cement are used to determine the optimal percentage of WA cement replacement to enhance the sustainability of building materials. Additionally, we replaced 0% and 50% of ordinary aggregate with crushed clay blocks (CCB) as an alternative to gravel. Seven mixes and thirteen samples of each mix were tested in the lab. The 10% replacement level gave the best compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, which were 44.1, 3.6, and 5.18, respectively. The authors observe that the strength properties of concrete mixtures decrease as the rate of WA replacement increases, but they gradually improve due to pozzolanic effects. Concrete density decreases with WA replacement due to lower specific gravity and increased porosity. The water absorption capacity of concrete increases with increasing WA content and decreases with in-creasing WA content to 30% or more. In conclusion, this research aims to use WA in the manufacture of non-load-bearing structural units. The authors recommend the use of WA with CCB in the manufacture of load-bearing structural units and recommend conducting durability tests to evaluate long-term performance.