Therefore, aquaculture plays a vital role in covering the dynamic human demand for aquatic organisms, one of the indices being fish; the world countries are able to cover over 50% of their daily animal protein requirement by very highly nutritive fish. Since 2020, several fish species in Iraq could support such production; usually, common carp is used in both ponds according to the profitability index ratio and reference farming systems for different levels of farming intensification, addressed by Anonymous (2022-quantum of production since then is 241,848 tons from freshwater ponds. Nevertheless, fish remain very sensitive, when it comes to their development, to several challenges and stress factors during growth and production. This research, therefore, proved that fish farming project is not financially feasible in the country because of poor project management, lack of ingredients to make feed, the high price of imported feed, and the problem of competing with low-priced imported fish. Farmers face unfavorable climatic conditions (e.g., high salinity and temperature in water; inadequate or lack of investment; inadequate education and training for professional development in the field of aquaculture, etc.) under which they have to work. Therefore, this paper reviews these challenges and proposes pragmatic solutions to cope with them.