Teaching Entrepreneurial Competencies with Planning for the Implementation of the Learning Process in Engineering Curricula at Tallinn University of Applied Sciences
摘要
Engineering education at the higher education level is primarily associated with the development of professional competencies, with a significant emphasis on practical skills acquisition. However, the evolving economic landscape highlights the necessity for engineers to possess entrepreneurial competencies to thrive in the labor market. In contemporary times, success in the labor market is increasingly contingent upon skills such as cooperation and communication. A growing number of graduates find themselves compelled to create their own employment opportunities post-graduation, underscoring the importance of acquiring entrepreneurial knowledge while still enrolled in academic programs. The Estonian higher education standard emphasizes the necessity of acquiring general competencies as learning outcomes, which include entrepreneurial competencies. These competencies encompass a range of skills, including cooperation skills, entrepreneurship, and financial literacy. At the vocational education level, a model for entrepreneurial competencies has been established, and continuous efforts have been made to implement this model within vocational education. This framework serves as the foundation for the present study, which first assesses the viability of implementing the model in higher education, along with any required modifications. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the entrepreneurial competencies integrated into engineering curricula to date and to propose avenues for curriculum development aimed at enhancing the acquisition of entrepreneurial competencies among engineering students.