This study investigates the influence of road infrastructure elements and driving conditions on drivers’ physiological and psychological responses, with a focus on head, neck, and eye movements. Using a structured survey and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the research evaluates which road elements and dynamic driving situations most significantly affect driver posture, visual behavior, and reaction time. The findings reveal that speed bumps and potholes are the most impactful, causing intense physical responses and increased cognitive workload. While such elements can improve safety by encouraging cautious driving, poorly designed features may increase discomfort and distraction. The study underscores the importance of incorporating human factors and ergonomic principles into road infrastructure design to enhance safety and driver performance.