The global dominance of Chinese manufacturers in the unmanned aerial vehicle market, particularly Da Jiang Innovations (DJI) - has created a complex and growing challenge to national security across the world. While these drones offer unprecedented benefits in commercial, civilian, and scientific sectors - from infrastructure inspections to environmental monitoring - they also carry multidimensional risks. These include the potential for espionage, sabotage of critical infrastructure, technological dependency, and exploitation by criminal or terrorist actors. Of particular concern is the possibility that data collected by these drones could be transferred to foreign entities, posing a threat to informational sovereignty. This article analyzes these risks based on available academic literature, security agency reports, and documents from international institutions. It also outlines potential countermeasures, such as legal regulations, import controls, development of domestic technological alternatives, and international cooperation. A comprehensive and systemic approach to managing the risks associated with dual-use technologies is suggested - one that considers not only technical factors but also broader political and strategic dimensions. As UAV technologies become increasingly integrated into national infrastructure, ensuring their secure and responsible use becomes a matter of both technological resilience and state sovereignty.

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Chinese Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as a Challenge to National Internal Security

  • Piotr Gładysz,
  • Anna Borucka,
  • Jerzy Merkisz

摘要

The global dominance of Chinese manufacturers in the unmanned aerial vehicle market, particularly Da Jiang Innovations (DJI) - has created a complex and growing challenge to national security across the world. While these drones offer unprecedented benefits in commercial, civilian, and scientific sectors - from infrastructure inspections to environmental monitoring - they also carry multidimensional risks. These include the potential for espionage, sabotage of critical infrastructure, technological dependency, and exploitation by criminal or terrorist actors. Of particular concern is the possibility that data collected by these drones could be transferred to foreign entities, posing a threat to informational sovereignty. This article analyzes these risks based on available academic literature, security agency reports, and documents from international institutions. It also outlines potential countermeasures, such as legal regulations, import controls, development of domestic technological alternatives, and international cooperation. A comprehensive and systemic approach to managing the risks associated with dual-use technologies is suggested - one that considers not only technical factors but also broader political and strategic dimensions. As UAV technologies become increasingly integrated into national infrastructure, ensuring their secure and responsible use becomes a matter of both technological resilience and state sovereignty.