Aviation is one of the key industries driving a country's economic, technological, scientific, and social development. Achieving sustainability in aviation requires replacing aviation fuels derived from non-renewable raw materials Aviation is one of the key industries driving a country's economic, technological, scientific, and social development. Achieving sustainability in aviation requires replacing aviation fuels derived from non-renewable raw materials. This study investigates the potential for converting polyethylene waste into high-octane gasoline components via pyrolysis, focusing on their applicability as renewable fuel additives. Among the pyrolysis products, the alkylbenzene fraction was identified and isolated as a high-performance hydrocarbon group. Physicochemical analysis showed that the alkylbenzene fraction has a higher density (857.7 kg/m3), broader boiling range (69–157 ℃), lower crystallization point (–64 ℃), and significantly higher motor octane number (105) compared to conventional alkylate (93), making it suitable for blending into unleaded gasoline. The results demonstrate the feasibility of producing high-octane, renewable fuel components from polymer waste, supporting sustainable development goals. These findings are particularly relevant to the future of piston engine aviation, where there is an urgent need to replace tetraethyl lead with environmentally safe, renewable octane boosters. The studied fraction represents a promising alternative, combining high knock resistance with favorable low-temperature and volatility characteristics. Further research is recommended to evaluate volatility profiles, emissions behavior, and scalability for aviation applications.