In this chapter, the author examines the European Union’s (EU) strategic choices and challenges in confronting the twin crises of climate change and biodiversity loss, and how these crises influence the EU’s ability to achieve its sustainability ambitions. The purpose is to analyse the coherence and effectiveness of EU climate and biodiversity policies, with a particular focus on the European Green Deal and its target of climate neutrality by 2050. Using a policy analysis approach, the chapter explores key regulatory frameworks including the EU Taxonomy, the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the EU Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). A specific focus is directed towards their implications for industry adaptation and corporate accountability. The findings indicate that many companies remain inadequately prepared to comply with the evolving regulatory demands, especially regarding the measurement and disclosure of biodiversity impacts. This lack of readiness limits the capacity to mobilise capital towards nature-positive investments. The chapter also reviews central policy initiatives, including the Biodiversity Strategy 2030 and the Nature Restoration Act, identifying persistent barriers for action such as insufficient international coordination and significant knowledge gaps across sectors. In terms of policy implications, the author emphasises the need for clearer sector-specific guidelines, improved measurement methodologies and enhanced capacity-building efforts to ensure that the EU’s sustainability agenda translates effectively into transformative industrial and environmental action.