Finance course has always been the main content of social analysis, which is related to the development of society and the structure of economic activities. Therefore, we should discuss financial issues. Whether intelligent analysis methods can solve the problem points in finance and simplify complex problems has become the focus of research. In order to improve the teaching effect of financial courses, we should deeply analyze financial problems, find out their characteristic points, improve the efficiency of financial teaching and transform theory into practice. The main purpose of the algorithm is to find the best solution to the problem by searching for the problem in a large number of possibilities and then selecting the best solution. Ants are social insects with strict hierarchy and division of labor. Each ant has a specific role assigned to it, and it executes without the supervision of other ants. Ant colony algorithm is dedicated to the division of labor among ants. It plays a significant role and significance in the intelligent analysis method and the teaching and development of financial courses.