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Although physiological differences between donkeys, mules and horses have been described regarding the gastrointestinal tract, these animals are affected by similar gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnostic and treatment approaches for donkeys and mules are similar to horses. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies for drugs commonly used in horses with gastrointestinal diseases have not been performed in donkeys and mules. Thus, doses reported for horses can be used with caution in donkeys and mules.

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Gastrointestinal Disorders of Donkeys and Mules

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • F. J. Mendoza,
  • R. E. Toribio,
  • R. A. Perez-Ecija

摘要

Although physiological differences between donkeys, mules and horses have been described regarding the gastrointestinal tract, these animals are affected by similar gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnostic and treatment approaches for donkeys and mules are similar to horses. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies for drugs commonly used in horses with gastrointestinal diseases have not been performed in donkeys and mules. Thus, doses reported for horses can be used with caution in donkeys and mules.