Station Noise Characteristics and Suitability for Ambient Noise Imaging Based on Typical PPSD Classes: A Case Study Using Continuous Records from Tibet
摘要
Ambient-noise imaging based on short‐duration continuous records often fails to stably yield usable information because station- and time-dependent noise conditions are limiting; in practice, selection is still largely experience-driven and lacks reusable typified criteria. This study proposes a station-suitability approach that summarizes typical probabilistic power spectral density (PPSD) shapes under the same NLNM/NHNM scale, and interprets band characteristics and component differences by comparing tri-axial plots from the same station. Using roughly ten days of three-component continuous data from ten stations in Tibet (6–13 August 1998) as an example, we compute and compile PPSD figures following conventional detrending, segmentation and spectral-estimation procedures. Five representative PPSD classes are identified: DONG- and ST14-type stations approach the NLNM at long periods (20–100 s); NASE-type exhibits stable energy in the 0.1–0.3 Hz microseism band; ST38-type shows moderate noise with diurnal variability; ST00-type shows pronounced cultural noise above 1 Hz. Cross-component comparisons indicate that BHZ expresses the microseism band more clearly, while horizontal components are more susceptible to environmental impacts at high frequencies. These findings provide direct guidance for station screening and band pre-selection under short-duration conditions, offering an actionable starting point for survey design and parameter setting in noise-based processing.