Cardiac tumors have traditionally been considered rare, but they are being detected more frequently with the widespread use of chest computed tomography (CT) and advances in software and hardware that improve spatial and temporal resolution. Radiologists should recognize that cardiac masses, including benign and malignant neoplasms as well as non-neoplastic lesions/pseudotumors, may be identified incidentally on routine, non-gated chest CT performed for other indications. This chapter reviews common cardiac tumors and pseudotumors encountered in clinical practice and outlines the potential role of routine non-gated chest CT in their diagnosis and management.