China has abundant molybdenum resources, but there are generally problems such as low grade and multiple types of associated minerals. During the process of selecting molybdenum ore, a large amount of molybdenum tailings(MT) are produced. The accumulation of MT by dam construction not only has a serious impact on soil and groundwater pollution, but also poses a threat to human life, health and safety. We uses recycled waste MT to replace some fine aggregates to prepare molybdenum tailings concrete hollow blocks(MTCHB). A new environmentally friendly wall material is developed, and orthogonal experiments are designed based on factors such as MT substitution rate, water cement ratio, and EPS content. The mix proportion design of MTCHB is carried out, and the physical and mechanical properties of MTCHB are studied. Research has shown that compared with ordinary concrete hollow blocks(OCHB), MTCHB have a 7.1% reduction in self weight, a 1.5% reduction in overall hollowness, and a 35% higher ratio of flexural strength to compressive strength. They can be applied to self-supporting walls of frame masonry.