Problems with the Use of Substances in Individuals Living with Serious Mental Illness (Co-occurring Disorders)
摘要
This chapter explores the complex interplay between substance use issues (SUD) and SMI, emphasizing co-occurring mental health conditions (COD) through epidemiological trends, etiological mechanisms, and behavioral dimensions. It highlights elevated substance use rates among individuals with SMI, including tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and caffeine, and underscores the reinforcing and maladaptive behavioral routines that sustain use. Etiological insights include genetic vulnerability, trauma exposure, and neurobiological dysregulation, with substance use often serving as a maladaptive coping strategy for psychological distress. Dimensional models are advocated over categorical approaches for assessing COD, capturing severity, frequency, and functional impact. Behavioral strategies are framed through operant conditioning, emphasizing reinforcement patterns and environmental contingencies. Integrated dimensional assessments to better understand the functional relationships between SUD and SMI are needed so as to inform targeted interventions that address both symptomatology and substance-related behaviors. This synthesis advances a nuanced, behaviorally grounded framework for COD assessment and treatment.