Adopting the sociological framework of eco-habitus, this chapter advances the understanding of this concept and contributes to discussions on equitable sustainability pathways. Focusing on Italy as a case study, it examines how economic and cultural capitals shape environmental practices. Italy presents a unique case within Europe, with medium economic capital and relatively low cultural capital, thus offering insights into how these factors influence eco-practices. The chapter also considers the role of material infrastructure, social norms and institutions, while highlighting the social justice implications for the European ecological transition. Through a comparative approach involving 12 European countries, the analysis shows that Italy often ranks among the lowest in terms of sustainable practices partly due to limited access to key forms of capital and the absence of strong ecological leadership. However, the case of Italy reveals that, when supported with appropriate information and infrastructure, significant potential for sustainable behaviour exists, thus offering valuable lessons on the interplay between the theory of practices and policy interventions.