A previous study in 2020 allowed to explore, document, study, and understand that criminal groups dedicated to drug trafficking influence different processes and activities of environmental conservation and human security within protected areas in Mexico. However, due to the characteristics (mainly of extension) of the publication as an article, much of the information and environmental, social, economic, and cultural factors related to the presence of drug traffickers in protected areas in Mexico remained unexplained. Considering that protected areas are the first line of governmental action for environmental conservation in Mexico, the presence of criminal groups for the production, processing, and transit of narcotics in and through these territories represents a challenge for the Mexican government to guarantee public security and environmental conservation. In this phenomenon converge factors (environmental, geographical, social, cultural, and governmental) that have not been analysed from an integral perspective. This book sheds light on the understanding of the factors related to the presence of drug trafficking in protected areas in Mexico and its impact and will lay the groundwork for future studies on the convergence of public security and environmental conservation issues.