Malaria continues to be a significant public health issue in India, with its transmission influenced by climatic, environmental, and healthcare factors. This study analyzes malaria trends from 2020 to 2023, emphasizing the role of rainfall and temperature in disease dynamics. Our findings reveal a clear correlation between increased malaria cases and higher rainfall and temperatures during the monsoon season (July to October), particularly in India’s West, East, and North East regions. These areas, characterized by extensive forest cover and numerous water bodies, provide ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, exacerbating malaria transmission. Additionally, disparities in healthcare access, especially in rural regions such as Chhattisgarh, Bihar, and Jharkhand, significantly affect malaria control, leading to higher incidence rates. The study highlights the important role of water bodies, with seasonal increases in water levels during the monsoon creating favorable conditions for mosquito breeding, especially in West Bengal. Improving healthcare access, strengthening vector control programs, and managing water bodies, particularly in forested and rural areas, is essential to reduce malaria transmission. The interplay of climatic factors, healthcare infrastructure, and environmental conditions underscores the need for targeted malaria control strategies.