Global agriculture system is facing several challenges such as population growth, climate changes, resource scarcity, and environmental degradation. To overcome these challengers, the adoption of sustainable practices and advanced technologies are necessary to assure long-term food security. Sustainable agriculture development includes integrated farming system, comprising conservation practices, ecological farming systems, and precision-based interventions. This chapter examines the role of several sustainable agricultural practices in enhancing soil fertility, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Also, the chapter highlights the role of new technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), robotics, smart sensors, etc. for optimizing soil, water, and nutrient management, and also, in yield monitoring and crop protection. To protect the resource scarcity, emerging systems such as vertical farming, hydroponics, and controlled-environment agriculture have been invented. This chapter highlighted the importance of communication networks, smartphone-based applications, and advanced machinery in promoting efficiency and reducing labour dependency. Even tough challenges remain with climate resilience, limited resources, and poor connectivity, integrated farming, renewable energy usage and better policies will help in enhancing resilience, productivity, and sustainability of global food systems.