This chapter presents the theoretical foundations used to analyze eco-Buddhist communities in Germany. The first part introduces Judith Butler’s theory of performativity, examining how Buddhist practices—including meditation, rituals, and embodied actions—constitute identities and ecological sensibilities through repeated performative acts. Performativity serves as a conceptual tool to understand how Buddhist groups cultivate ecological consciousness through embodied, linguistic, and symbolic practices. The second part develops the concept of epistemic entanglement, explaining how eco-Buddhists navigate and bridge diverse systems of knowledge—scientific, spiritual, cultural, and political—when responding to the ecological crisis. By emphasizing relationality, hybridity, and experiential knowledge production, the chapter demonstrates how eco-Buddhist actors challenge conventional epistemic boundaries. Together, these theories provide a framework for analyzing how traditions are reinterpreted and enacted in contemporary environmental activism.