Heterogeneous Electrochemical CO2 Conversion: An Approach Using Nanostructured Hydrotalcite Catalysts
摘要
In recent years, one of the most promising alternatives for CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals such as carboxylic acids, carbonyl compounds, alcohols, etc. is the electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R). Nonetheless, high electrochemical overpotentials, poor selectivity and a low reaction rate, which are characteristic of CO2 conversion, alongside the wide use of noble metals as electrocatalysts seem to be the biggest drawbacks. Therefore, the challenge is to develop electrocatalysts that can be easily coupled to the working electrode, solving the intrinsic problems of the eCO2R, while utilising high-abundance and low-cost elements as precursors and simple and reproducible synthetic methods. Furthermore, identifying the active sites that each electrocatalyst has could pose an important aid in the study the reaction mechanism(s) which could be proposed to explain the selectivity of the products. In this work, we describe the synthesis of hydrotalcite-like nanostructured materials composed of Zn, Al, Cd ions, with or without some sulphur content, and the study of their electrocatalytic properties. The in-situ characterisation of the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) products was performed by a spectroelectrochemical analysis, based on the coupling of the chronoamperometric tests to ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The results, while being qualitative, show that, depending on the sulphur content of the sample, carboxylic acids or alcohols can be obtained as products.